Assessing potential ecotourism locations using AHP, GIS and RS: A multi-factor analysis of natural, human and cultural resources for sustainable development

Ecotourism is increasingly recognized as a sustainable economic alternative, particularly in post-conflict regions. In western Syria, specifically the Al-Qadmous area of Tartous Governorate, the rich natural and cultural resources present an opportunity to revitalize local economies through ecotourism. This study aims to assess and identify the most suitable sites for ecotourism development by integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques. A total of 15 factors?including environmental, cultural, and infrastructural criteria?were considered in the multi-criteria evaluation. The spatial analysis revealed that over 30% of the region is classified as highly suitable for ecotourism, with the most promising zones located in the central and eastern mountainous areas, characterized by geomorphological diversity, moderate climate, and historical significance. The model?s predictive performance achieved an overall accuracy of 86.6%, indicating its robustness and practical applicability. The outcomes of this research provide a valuable decision-making tool for local planners and policymakers to promote ecotourism initiatives, enhance sustainable land use planning, and generate income and employment opportunities for local communities.