Nutritional Assessment of Hospital-Induced Malnutrition in All Hospital- ized Patient: A Critical Review

Malnutrition is a popular disorder in patients in the hospitals that is predominately underdiagnosed and undertreated. Unluckily, hospitals are recognized as a contribution to further declines in nutritional status. The prevalence of malnutrition in the older inpatients is 42.0% and 14.5% in younger inpatients and in pediatric inpatients ranging from 2.5 to 51%. Malnutrition induced by hospitals has multifactorial causes and is related to undesirable clinical and fiscal outcomes. Indeed, an increase in the global prevalence of obesity among inpatients has been reported in many surveys. There are nowadays increasing proof from clinical trials aimed at the effectiveness and implementation of nutritional support at the clinical inpatient population. Meanwhile a lot of clinical inpatients at nutritional risk or malnourished, had been suffered from multiple morbidities, this make the supply of dietary entry a challenging mission, given that maximum of the medical nutrition strategies and approaches are committed to particular diseases. In this review we showed the major malnutrition assessment tools that are used among hospitalized patients to assess the degree of malnutrition and the importance of several approaches to individualized enteral nutrition during critical illness have been discussed.