Tawalbeh, L. I., Al-Smadi, A. M., AlBashtawy, M., AlJezawi, M., Jarrah, M., Musa, A. S., & Aloush, S. (2020). The most and the least performed self-care behaviors among patients with heart failure in Jordan. Clinical Nursing Research, 29(2), 108-116.?

Assessing self-care is important aspects among patients with heart failure. However, few studies were conducted to assess self-care among patients with heart failure in Jordan. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the most and the least performed maintenance self-care behaviors and to examine the relationship between maintenance self-care behaviors and selected sociodemographics. A cross-sectional design utilizing a convenience sample of 226 patients with heart failure was used. The maintenance self-care mean was 53.89 and considered below the clinical target level (?70). Asking for low salt item and performing physical exercises were the most performed self-care behaviors, while ?trying to avoid getting sick? and ?checking ankles for swelling? were the least performed self-care behaviors. Limited self-care behaviors indicated the need to implement cardiac education that may improve self-care behaviors. Cardiac education should target mainly patients with low income, low educational level, elderly, living alone, unemployed, and who are using traditional treatment.