Lattice-Based Lightweight Quantum Resistant Scheme in 5G-Enabled Vehicular Networks
Both security and privacy are central issues and need to be properly handled because
communications are shared among vehicles in open channel environments of 5G-enabled vehicular
networks. Several researchers have proposed authentication schemes to address these issues.
Nevertheless, these schemes are not only vulnerable to quantum attacks but also use heavy operations
to generate and verify signatures of messages. Additionally, these schemes need an expensive
component RoadSide Unit (RSU)-aided scheme during the joining phase. To address these issues,
we propose a lightweight quantum-resistant scheme according to the lattice method in 5G-enabled
vehicular networks. Our proposal uses matrix multiplication instead of operations-based bilinear pair
cryptography or operations-based elliptic curve cryptography to generate and verify signatures of
messages shared among vehicles. Our proposal satisfies a significant reduction in performance, which
makes it lightweight enough to handle quantum attacks. Our proposal is based on 5G technology
without using any RSU-aided scheme. Security analysis showed that our proposal satisfies privacy
and security properties as well as resists quantum attacks. Finally, our proposal also shows favorable
performance compared to other related work.