Influence of Adding Jordanian Scoria on the Properties of Clay-based Geopolymer

This work aims to investigate how volcanic scoria affects the characteristics of alkali-activated clay. An investigation of chemical, mineralogical, and microstructural properties was per-formed. Volcanic scoria was used to prepare different mixtures: 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. A comprehensive experimental investigation was conducted to assess the effect of vol-canic scoria on the product's compressive strength. The results revealed decreased compressive strength and dry density. Porosity and water absorption increased as the ratio of volcanic scoria increased. Based on these results, adding volcanic scoria by 50% will improve the absorption capacity of activated clay by 50%. The mineralogical and microstructural analysis of the alkali-activated product indicates the formation of mineral phases, namely hydroxy-sodalite and hy-droxy-cancrinite in addition to the gel phase. The results give the possibility of using volcanic scoria as a secondary material in geopolymer production for environmental applications, including wastewater treatment.