Urban planning and design for the city of Irbid - problems and solutions An applied study of downtown Irbid

The twentieth century was known as the era of urbanization and the era of cities. In it, urban centers expanded to an unprecedented extent, the population of cities increased, and the creep of rural residents to urbanized areas and their centers. The shift towards urbanization became a general feature witnessed by all countries without exception, although the speed of creativity differed and the causes and confrontations varied. Population inflation and density Construction and traffic brought about by modern means of transportation and communications in city centers have left many problems that have become features of cities and their current centers and have changed concepts, values and customs... This has been reflected in the urban fabric of the city and its demographic structure, so the city center has become a hotbed of population overcrowding characterized by noise, weak connections, pressure on services and pollution. Water, air, etc. The negative effects of this change were concentrated in the city center, which resulted in countless problems, the most important of which was the entry of cars in large numbers into the centers. The streets widened at the expense of the old urban fabric, and many of the historical heritage buildings that constituted an architectural treasure were exposed to disappearance and demolition. The public squares that used to function as gatherings in which celebrations and social and cultural relations were held disappeared, and the residential use changed to commercial with a purely investment nature. The streets were filled with car traffic, vehicle movement axes were mixed with the street ones, and cheap commercial buildings were erected that carried nothing but contradiction within them. Hence, the general problem of the research emerged in identifying the problems that the Irbid city center suffers from. This was done through the researcher?s general observations and through a questionnaire distributed to the residents of the city center, merchants, and specialists. All data was entered into A special program, the results were extracted and the active problems that affected the urban fabric and the structure of society were identified. Special solutions were also determined based on data on the problems through a questionnaire that targeted residents of the city center, shoppers, merchants, and specialists, as well as citizens who come from outside the city and work in the center. The data was entered into a special program to extract effective solutions. The research included (a book on urban planning and design For Irbid city center - problems and solutions)