Tool for the Establishment of Optimal Open Green Spaces Using GIS and Nature-Based Solutions: Al-Sareeh (Jordan) Case Study

Urban sprawl is a growing issue in developing countries such as Jordan, where urban populations continue to expand rapidly and are projected to reach 70% of the global population by 2050. This urbanization creates significant challenges, particularly the depletion of natural resources and the reduction in green areas. This study proposes an approach to improve the selection of open green space locations by integrating Geographic Information Systems (GISs) with Nature-based Solutions (NbSs) for urban sustainability and resilience. Using Al-Sarih, Jordan, as a case study, GIS was applied to analyze environmental factors, including soil, meteorological, and geological data, through a weighted overlay analysis to assess potential park sites. The results indicated that most parks are situated in areas with suitable geological and soil conditions. However, their distribution is uneven, with dense coverage in the northern region and limited availability in southern and western parts. This imbalance highlights the need for equitable green space planning to ensure accessibility for all residents. This study underscores the value of integrating GIS and NbS in optimizing green infrastructure, providing a scientific framework for sustainable urban planning. It further emphasizes the importance of spatial and natural data interactions to support resilient city development.