Clove Extract Reverses Hematological Deficits, Hormonal Imbalances and Dyslipidemia in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats

Abstract This research explores the therapeutic potential of a water-soluble extract from clove (*Syzygium aromaticum*) to alleviate multiple diabetic complications in a rat model. Materials and Methods: Over 21 days, we administered clove extract (500 mg/kg/day, orally) to a group of streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats, comparing them to untreated diabetic and healthy control groups (n=7 per group). We evaluated the complete blood count (CBC), serum concentrations of reproductive hormones (LH, FSH, testosterone), and key metabolic indicators such as blood glucose and lipid profiles. Results: Clove extract treatment prompted a significant recuperation of erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet levels. Furthermore, it markedly increased the circulating levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone (p < 0.05). We also observed a pronounced (approx. 30%) reduction in blood glucose and a reversal of dyslipidemia, evidenced by decreased triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL, and an elevation in HDL by approximately 38%. Conclusion: The outcomes demonstrate that clove extract provides multi-faceted protection against diabetes-induced pathologies through the hematological, endocrine, and metabolic systems, an effect likely driven by its antioxidant and hypoglycemic properties. The exact molecular pathways involved require further exploration.