Preparation of modified Jordanian bentonite with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as novel adsorbent for phosphate ion removal from synthetic and real wastewater

Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA-Br), a cationic surfactant, was added to the Jordanian zeolite in the current work, and this organo-zeolite was then utilized to eliminate the nitrate ion (oxyanion). Zeolite was used in batch trials at various parameters, and the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherms equilibrium models were examined at various temperature values of 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45?C. The experimental equilibrium results better fit the Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Redlich-Peterson models than the Langmuir model. Less than 8 kJ mol-1, or between 0.08 and 0.11 kJ mol-1, was the predicted energy using the Dubinin-Radushkevich model; this suggests a physisorption process. Adsorbents such as zeolite and organo-zeolite were employed in the kinetic tests conducted in a column reactor. To examine the data, kinetic models, an intraparticle ?